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Questions

Please answer the questions by ticking the respective box.

1. Halitosis-related bacteria digest proteins from:

a)

saliva debris

b)

epithelial cells

c)

food residues

d)

all of the above

2. The amino acid methionine is broken down into which volatile sulphur compound (VSC)?

a)

hydrogen sulphide

b)

carbonyl sulphide

c)

methyl mercaptan

d)

dimethyl sulphide

3. Amines are not considered to play an essential part in malodour formation because:

a)

they are not kept in solution at neutral pH

b)

of their low volatility

c)

they are not side products of bacterial metabolism

d)

all of the above

4. The gold standard in halitosis diagnosis is:

a)

an objective measurement of molecular levels of VSCs in a sample of mouth air

b)

an objective measurement of sulphide levels in a sample of mouth air

c)

an objective measurement of bacterial species in a sample saliva or plaque

d)

a subjective assessment of exhaled air from mouth and nose separately

5. Which of the following is true?

a)

there is a greater prevalence of halitosis in men

b)

the incidence of halitosis increases with age

c)

less than half of adults in the US use products for breath refreshment on a regular basis

d)

halitosis is more prevalent in overweight patients

6. In cases of halitophobia, patients are referred:

a)

for professional periodontal therapy

b)

for pharmacological treatment

c)

to a clinical psychologist

d)

for management of possible systemic sources

7. Which of the following is not true of a Halimeter^®?

a)

it is not suitable for routine clinical practice

b)

it detects levels of sulphides and certain VSC-producing bacteria

c)

it cannot detect oral malodour caused by non-sulphides

d)

it is simple to use

8. Chlorhexidine digluconate has an antibacterial effect due to:

a)

its deposition in the bacterial membrane causing destabilisation

b)

its affinity with sulphur

c)

its neutralization of VSCs

d)

all of the above

9. The most widely used metal ion used for the prevention of oral malodour is:

a)

copper

b)

tin

c)

zinc

d)

iron

10. Adverse reactions to chlorhexidine digluconate often include:

a)

taste alterations and teeth sensitivity

b)

teeth discoloration and sensitivity

c)

taste alterations and teeth discoloration

d)

tongue sensitivity

After having answered all questions, you can start the automated evaluation
by clicking on "Evaluation".