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Questions

Please answer the questions by ticking the respective box.

1. Binding of sulphide ions by zinc:

a)

is very weak

b)

is very strong

c)

is inhibited by VSCs

d)

does not occur in the oral cavity

2. Chlorhexidine digluconate has an antibacterial effect due to:

a)

its deposition in the bacterial membrane causing destabilisation

b)

its affinity with sulphur

c)

its neutralization of VSCs

d)

all of the above

3. The gold standard in halitosis diagnosis is:

a)

an objective measurement of molecular levels of VSCs in a sample of mouth air

b)

an objective measurement of sulphide levels in a sample of mouth air

c)

an objective measurement of bacterial species in a sample saliva or plaque

d)

a subjective assessment of exhaled air from mouth and nose separately

4. Amino acids that contain sulphur are:

a)

cysteine and methionine

b)

cysteine and lysine

c)

lysine and methionine

d)

glutamic acid and lysine

5. Oral malodour mainly arises from

a)

rotting food in the mouth

b)

bacterial action on proteins and amino acids

c)

strong-smelling food

d)

smoking

6. Which of the following is a subjective measurement of halitosis?

a)

organoleptic method

b)

gas chromatography

c)

Halimeter^®

d)

all of the above

7. In most cases, halitosis originates

a)

in the stomach

b)

in the mouth

c)

from systemic disease

d)

in the nasal or paranasal region

8. Which of the following is true?

a)

there is a greater prevalence of halitosis in men

b)

the incidence of halitosis increases with age

c)

less than half of adults in the US use products for breath refreshment on a regular basis

d)

halitosis is more prevalent in overweight patients

9. Zinc salts with high stability constants:

a)

are as effective at producing an anti-VSC effect as zinc salts with low stability constants

b)

are less effective at producing an anti-VSC effect than zinc salts with low stability constants

c)

are more effective at producing an anti-VSC effect than zinc salts with low stability constants

d)

have no anti-VSC effect

10. People with halitosis most commonly:

a)

have more anaerobic bacteria on the tongue

b)

have more of a particular bacterial strain

c)

have more Gram-positive bacteria in the mouth

d)

wear dentures

After having answered all questions, you can start the automated evaluation
by clicking on "Evaluation".